With复合结构
with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。
一、 with结构的构成
它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下：
1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词；
例句：He is used to sleeping with the windows open.
2. with或without-名词/代词+副词；
例句：She left the room with all the lights on.
3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语；
例句：He walked into the dark street with a stick in his hand.
4. with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式；
例句：With so much work to do, I have no time for a holiday.
5. with或without-名词/代词 +分词。
例句：We found the house easily with the little boy leading the way.(现在分词表示主动动作，即分词所表示的动作是由with后的宾语发出来的)
With all the things she needed bought, she went home happily.(过去分词表示被动，with后面的宾语与过去分词之间是被动关系)
6. without+名词/代词+补语
例句：Possibly this person died withont anyone knowing where the coins were hidden.
He wondered if he could slide out of the lecture hall without anyone noticing (him).