therebe句型
There be 结构主要用以表达"某处(某时)有某人(某物)",其基本句型为"There be + 某物或某人 + 某地或某时",其中there 是引导词,没有词义;be是谓语动词;"某人或某物"是句子的主语;"某地或某时"作句子的状语,多是介词短语。如:
There is a football under the chair. 椅子下面有一个足球。
引导语 谓语动词 主语 介词 短语(某地)
There be结构中的动词be的确定
1. there be 结构中的谓语动词be在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致。主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用is,是复数时用are。如:
There is a flower in the bottle. 瓶里有一朵花。
There is some money in the purse. 钱包里有些钱。
2. 若句子中有几个并列的主语时,be的形式要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。如:
There is a boy, a girl and two women in the house.
房子里有一个男孩,一个女孩和两个妇女。
There are ten students and a teacher in the office. 办公室里有十个学生和一个教师。
另外,在陈述句中为了强调地点,也可将介词短语提置句首。如:
In the tree there are five birds. 树上有五只鸟。
:There be 结构的句型转换
1. 否定句: there be的否定式通常在be后加not构成(在口语中be时常与not缩写在一起)。如果句中有some,一般要变成any。如:
There are some children in the picture. →There aren't any children
in the picture.
2. 一般疑问句及其答语:把be提到there前,首字母大写,句末用问号即可。其肯定答语是Yes, there is / are;否定答语为No, there isn't / aren't。如:
-Are there two cats in the tree?
-Yes, there are. (No, there aren't.)
3. 特殊疑问句及其回答:①提问句子的主语(包括主语前的修饰语)时,句型一律用"what is + 地点介词短语?"(无论主语是单数还是复数都用is)。如:
There are some birds in the tree. →What's in the tree?
②就there be后面的地点状语进行提问时,句型用"where is / are + 主语?"如:
There is a car in the street. →Where is the car?
③提问可数名词(主语)前的数量时,用how many,句型结构为"how many + 复数名词 + are there + 其它?"(主语无论是单数还是复数,be通常要用are)。