咪草烟
产品名称： 咪草烟原药
产品类别： 原药
更新日期： 2005-8-28 16:21:00
产品简介：
通用名：咪唑乙烟酸、咪草烟
CAS NO.: [81335-77-5]
化学名称：（RS）5-乙基-2-(4-异丙基-4-甲基-5-氧代-3-咪唑啉-2-基)烟酸
化学文摘名称： 2-[4,5-二氢-4-甲基-4-(1-甲基乙基)-5-羰基-1H-咪唑-2-基]-5-乙基-3-吡啶羧酸
IUPAC:(RS)-5-ethyl-2-(4-isopropyl-4-methyl-5-oxo-2-imidazolin-2-yl)nicotinic acid
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS NAME:2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-ethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid
分子式：C15H19N3O
分子量：289.3
中科院登记号：81335-77-5
理化性质：
熔 点：169℃-173℃
蒸气压：0.013mpa(60℃)
溶解度(g/L，25℃): 水1.4；丙酮48.2；三氯甲烷185；甲苯5；异丙醇17；甲醇105
Kow logP = 1.04 (pH 5), 1.49 (pH 7), 1.20 (pH 9) (all 25 ºC)
稳定性：在酸性及中性条件下稳定，遇强碱分解。
产品特点：
原药质量指标
项目 标准值
外观 淡黄色至白色结晶固体，无可见外来杂质
含量 ≥98.0%
PH 3.0-5.0
加热减量 ≤1.0%
固体不溶物 ≤1.0%
用途:用于豆科作物防除禾本科杂草及阔叶杂草.
[COMMERCIALISATION]
History: Herbicide reported by T. Malefyt et al. (Abstr. 1984, Weed Sci. Soc. Mtg., Miami, p. 18, Abstract 49). Introduced by American Cyanamid Co (now BASF AG).
[APPLICATIONS ]
Biochemistry Branched chain amino acid synthesis (ALS or AHAS) inhibitor. Hence reduces levels of valine, leucine and isoleucine, leading to disruption of protein and DNA synthesis. Selectivity in soya benas and peanuts is attributed to rapid detoxification via hydroxylation and glycosylation (B. Tecle et al., Proc. 1997 Br. Crop Prot. Conf. - Weeds, 2, 605). Mode of Action Systemic herbicide, absorbed by the roots and foliage, with translocation in the xylem and phloem, and accumulation in the meristematic regions. Uses Control of many major annual and perennial grass and broad-leaved weeds in soya beans and other leguminous crops. Applied pre-plant incorporated, pre-emergence, or post-emergence. Phytoxicity Non-phytotoxic to soya beans and other leguminous crops, when used as directed. Formulation types SL. Selected tradenames: 'Hammer' (BASF); 'Overtop' (BASF, du Pont); 'Pivot' (BASF); 'Pursuit DG' (BASF); 'Pursuit' (BASF)
[OTHER TRADENAMES ]
'Wayup' (BASF); 'Vezir' (Herbitécnica); 'Vrilec' (Ipesa)
[MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY ]
Oral: Acute oral LD50 for male and female rats, and female mice >5000 mg/kg. Skin and eye: Acute percutaneous LD50 for rabbits >2000 mg/kg; mild skin and reversible eye irritant.
Inhalation: LC50 for rats 3.27 mg/l air (analytical), 4.21 mg/l (gravimetric).
NOEL (2 y): for rats >10 000 mg/kg diet; (1 y) for dogs >10 000 mg/kg diet (highest dose tested).
WHO hazard class: III (Table 5)
Other: Non-mutagenic in the Ames test.
Toxicity class: III
[ECOTOXICOLOGY ]
Birds: Acute oral LD50 for bobwhite quail and mallard ducks >2150 mg/kg.
Fish: LC50 (96 h) for bluegill sunfish 420, rainbow trout 340, channel catfish 240 mg/l.
Daphnia: LC50 (48 h) <1000 mg/l.
Algae: NOEL for Selenastrum capricornutum 50 mg/l. Other aquatic spp. I50 for Lemna gibba 4.38 mg/l.
Bees: Topical LD50 for honeybees >0.1 mg/bee.
Worms: I50 >10 000 mg/kg.
[ENVIRONMENTAL FATE ]
Animals: In rats, following oral administration, 92% was excreted in the urine and 5% in the faeces within 24 hours. Residue levels in blood, liver, kidney, muscle, and fat tissues were <0.01 ppm after 48 hours.
Plants: Rapidly metabolised in non-susceptible plants; half-life in soya beans 1.6 days. The primary metabolic route in maize is oxidative hydroxylation at the a-carbon atom of the ethyl substituent on the pyridine ring.
Soil/Environment: Half-life in soil 1-3 months.
生态毒理学
鸟类：急性经口LD50，鹌鹑和绿头鸭2150年毫克/千克。
鱼类：半致死浓度（ 96小时）为420毫克/升翻车鱼，虹鳟鱼毫克/升340个，鲶鱼240毫克/升
蚤：半致死浓度（ 48小时） 1000毫克/升
海藻：月牙藻50毫克/升，其他水生草浮萍为4.38毫克/升
蜜蜂：局部蜜蜂的LD50为0.1毫克/升。
虫类： I50～10 000毫克/升。
环境转移
动物：在大鼠后，口服，92 ％是排出的尿液和5 ％的粪便，24小时内，血液，肝脏，肾脏，肌肉，脂肪组织的残留水平较多。
植物：快速新陈代谢的非敏感植物;半衰期大豆一点六天，主要代谢途径是在玉米氧化羟化在一个碳原子的乙基取代的吡啶环。
土壤/环境：半衰期在土壤中1-3个月。